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Gender-based violence

Domestic violence

Domestic violence is not an isolated, individual event, but rather a pattern of perpetrator behaviors used against a survivor. The pattern consists of a variety of abusive acts, occurring in multiple episodes over the course of the relationship. Some episodes consist of a sustained attack with one tactic repeated many times (e.g., punching), combined with a variety of other tactics (such as name calling, threats, or attacks against property). Other episodes consist of a single act (e.g., a slap, a “certain look”). One tactic (e.g., physical assault) may be used infrequently, while other types of abuse (such as name calling or intimidating gestures) may be used daily.

Domestic Violence

Also referred to domestic violence or spousal abuse is a form of violence...

Sexual violence

Any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or advances, or acts to traffic, or otherwise directed against a person’s sexuality, using coercion, by any person, regardless of their relationship to the victim, in any setting, including, but not limited to home and work. These include: humiliation, harassment, rape, marital rape, abuse/exploitation, child sexual abuse/incest, forced prostitution, child prostitution and sexual trafficking.

Sexual violence

A serious public health problem affecting millions of people each year worldwide, ...

Female genital mutilation

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a practice that involves altering or injuring the female genitalia for non-medical reasons, and it is internationally recognized as a human rights violation. Globally, it is estimated that 200 million girls and women alive today have undergone some form of FGM. Although FGM in declining in the majority of countries where it is prevalent, most of these are also experiencing a high rate of population growth – meaning that the number of girls who undergo FGM will continue to grow if efforts are not significantly scaled up.

Female genital mutilation

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a practice ...

Violence during Armed Conflict

Armed conflict and uprootedness bring their own distinct forms of violence against women with them. These can include random acts of sexual assault by both enemy and “friendly” forces, or mass rape as a deliberate strategy of genocide. Some forms of violence resulting from conflict/refugee situations • Mass rape, military sexual slavery, forced prostitution, forced “marriages” and forced pregnancies • Multiple rapes and gang rape (with multiple perpetrators) and the rape of young girls • Sexual assault associated with violent physical assault • Resurgence of female genital mutilation, within the community under attack, as a way to reinforce cultural identity • Women forced to offer sex for survival, or in exchange for food, shelter, or “protection”

Violence during Armed Conflict

A form of abuse involving physical contact causing emotions such as injuries, ...

Physical Violence

Physical violence that may use physical force that results in bodily injury, pain or impairment and may include spitting, scratching, biting, grabbing, shaking, shoving, pushing, restraining, throwing, twisting, slapping (with open or closed hand), punching, choking, burning, and/or use of weapons (e.g., household objects, knives, guns) against the survivor. The severity of injury ranges from minimal tissue damage, broken bones to permanent injury and death. These include: spouse beating/domestic violence, assault.

Physical Violence

A form of abuse involving physical contact causing emotions such as injuries, ...

Verbal Abuse

VVerbal abuse is a nonphysical form of abuse that may involve insulting, criticizing and attempting to shame the victim. Verbal abuse often overlaps with emotional abuse. Manipulation and coercion are forms of nonphysical abuse that combine emotional and verbal abuse, Verbal and emotional abuse may be a way for the abuser to control the victim, keeping her in the relationship and lowering her self-esteem.

Verbal Abuse

The constant repetition of insulting words or insults a woman. By treating the woman an idiot ...

Psychological Abuse

Psychological abuse / violence (sometimes also referred to as emotional violence) An action or set of actions that directly impair a person’s psychological integrity. These include: humiliation based on gender, discrimination, denial of opportunities and/or services and domestic violence. • There are different types of psychological assaults: • Threats of violence and harm • Emotional violence • Isolation • Use of children

Psychological Abuse

Also called emotional abuse, mental abuse, or emotional abuse ...

Child marriage

Child marriage is a human rights violation. Despite laws against it, the practice remains widespread, in part because of persistent poverty and gender inequality. In developing countries, one in every three girls is married before reaching age 18. One in nine is married under age 15